Pearson Edexcel International GCSE History · 4HI1 · Free · no account needed
The Middle East: conflict, crisis and change, 1917–2012 — exam questions
15 original Incandio exam-style questions on the Middle East: conflict, crisis and change, 1917–2012, 150 marks, about 225 minutes of writing. Each one carries the command word, the tariff and the specification statement it assesses, exactly as a paper presents them. This is an original Incandio practice question, written to reflect the structure and demands of the qualification. It is not an official Pearson Edexcel past-paper question.
This is the practice set for The Middle East: conflict, crisis and change, 1917–2012 — the option that teaches it. Read the option first if the idea is new; come here when you want to find out whether you can turn it into marks. Completely free, no account needed to read.
What these questions ask of you
2 command words run through this set, and on Pearson Edexcel International GCSE History each one means something precise. Answering the wrong command is the commonest way a candidate who understands the option still loses the mark.
- Explain (6–8 marks)
- TWO of whatever is asked for — effects, causes or ways — each analysed and shown to lead somewhere Misread as: one of them explained superbly, which is capped at 4 with no access to Level 3
- How (8–16 marks)
- a judgement on the EXTENT, built from both sides — agreement and disagreement, or three aspects and a criterion Misread as: agreement only on the source question (capped at 4), or the two printed bullets and nothing else on the sixteen-marker (held at 10)
Assessed on Paper 1 (4HI1/01) and Paper 2 (4HI1/02), against AO1, AO2.
Where these sit in the specification
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE History (4HI1) — statements 4HI1 B7.2 AO1 · 4HI1 B7.2 AO2 · 4HI1 B7.3 AO1 · 4HI1 B7.3 AO2 · 4HI1 B7.4 AO1 · 4HI1 B7.4 AO2 · 4HI1 B7.1 AO1 · 4HI1 B7.1 AO2 · 4HI1 B7.5 AO1 · 4HI1 B7.5 AO2. Incandio is aligned to this specification; it is not published by, endorsed by or affiliated with Pearson, and it reproduces none of Pearson's wording.
The 15 questions
Answer them on paper, then open the option's exam practice to have them marked. The mark scheme, the accepted and rejected answers and the annotated model answer are in Incandio and are not printed here — an answer beside its question is not practice.
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(6)Explain
Explain TWO ways in which the position of the Jewish community in Palestine in 1948 was different from that of the Palestinian Arab community.
(Total for Question 1 = 6 marks)
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(6)Explain
Explain TWO ways in which the war of 1973 was different from the war of 1967.
(Total for Question 2 = 6 marks)
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(6)Explain
Explain TWO ways in which the Camp David Agreements were different from the Oslo Accords.
(Total for Question 3 = 6 marks)
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(6)Explain
Explain TWO ways in which the Balfour Declaration was different from the Hussein–McMahon correspondence.
(Total for Question 4 = 6 marks)
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(6)Explain
Explain TWO ways in which the second Intifada was different from the first.
(Total for Question 5 = 6 marks)
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(8)Explain
Explain TWO causes of the Suez Crisis of 1956.
(Total for Question 6 = 8 marks)
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(8)Explain
Explain TWO causes of the Six-Day War of 1967.
(Total for Question 7 = 8 marks)
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(8)Explain
Explain TWO causes of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982.
(Total for Question 8 = 8 marks)
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(8)Explain
Explain TWO causes of the White Paper of 1939.
(Total for Question 9 = 8 marks)
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(8)Explain
Explain TWO causes of the failure of the Oslo peace process.
(Total for Question 10 = 8 marks)
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(16)How
How significant was outside involvement in the Middle East, in the years 1917–73? • The Suez Crisis (1956) • The oil embargo (1973)
(Total for Question 11 = 16 marks)
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(16)How
How significant was the Six-Day War in the Arab–Israeli conflict, in the years 1948–2012? • The occupied territories • Resolution 242 (1967)
(Total for Question 12 = 16 marks)
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(16)How
How far were diplomatic attempts to achieve peace in the Middle East successful, in the years 1973–2012? • The Camp David Agreements (1978) • The Oslo Accords (1993)
(Total for Question 13 = 16 marks)
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(16)How
How far were the British wartime promises of 1915–17 responsible for conflict in Palestine, in the years 1917–56? • The Balfour Declaration (1917) • The White Paper (1939)
(Total for Question 14 = 16 marks)
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(16)How
How significant was terrorism in preventing a settlement in the Middle East, in the years 1946–2012? • The King David Hotel bombing (1946) • The second Intifada (2000)
(Total for Question 15 = 16 marks)
Have them marked, then defend the answer
Practice tells you the mark; teaching it back tells you whether you understand it. On Incandio a topic counts as mastered only once you have taught it and defended it.
- Mark these questions — 15 questions, marked on Incandio against the authored scheme, with the mistake you actually made named.
- Teach it — explain the Middle East: conflict, crisis and change, 1917–2012 to Ember, an AI pupil who does not have it yet and asks the awkward question.
- Defend it — three rounds against the mind with the strongest claim on it, marked against descriptors you can read first.
Completely free. No subscriptions, no paywalls, no account needed to start.
Back to the option
- The Middle East: conflict, crisis and change, 1917–2012 — Option B7: build up of tension in Palestine, 1917–46; the creation of Israel, the war of 1948–49 and the Suez Crisis of 1956; tension and conflict, 1956–73; diplomacy, peace then wider war, 1973–83; the attempts to find a lasting peace, 1987–2012.
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