Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Physics · 4PH1 · Free · no account needed
Topic 4 · Energy resources and energy transfers
Energy stores and the transfers between them, efficiency and Sankey diagrams, conduction, convection and radiation, work, power, GPE and KE, and how electricity is actually generated.
Every lesson here ends the same way: learn it, teach it to an AI pupil who asks the awkward question, then defend it against the thinker with the strongest claim on it — free · no account needed.
7 lessons, covering 19 specification statements.
What you need to know — the 19 statements, and where each one is taught
Every statement this topic carries, in the specification's own numbering, with Incandio's restatement of what it asks and the lesson that discharges it. Tick them off against your own copy of the specification: this is the topic's revision checklist, not a summary of it. Incandio is aligned to this specification. It is not published by, endorsed by or affiliated with Pearson, and it reproduces none of Pearson's wording — the statement numbers are given so you can check every lesson against your own copy.
| Statement | What it asks | Taught in |
|---|---|---|
| 4.1 | Use the units kg, J, m, m/s, m/s², N, s and W | Energy Stores and Transfers |
| 4.2 | Energy stores and the four ways energy is transferred | Energy Stores and Transfers |
| 4.3 | Use the principle of conservation of energy | Energy Stores and Transfers |
| 4.4 | Use efficiency = useful energy output ÷ total energy output × 100% | Efficiency, Sankey Diagrams and Insulation |
| 4.5 | Explain energy transfers in everyday devices, including Sankey diagrams | Efficiency, Sankey Diagrams and Insulation |
| 4.10 | Ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer, such as insulation | Efficiency, Sankey Diagrams and Insulation |
| 4.6 | Thermal energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation | Conduction, Convection and Radiation |
| 4.7 | The role of convection in everyday phenomena | Conduction, Convection and Radiation |
| 4.8 | How emission and absorption of radiation relate to surface and temperature | Conduction, Convection and Radiation |
| 4.9 (practical) | Practical: investigate thermal energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation | Conduction, Convection and Radiation |
| 4.11 | Use W = F × d | Work Done |
| 4.12 | Work done is equal to energy transferred | Work Done |
| 4.13 | Use GPE = m × g × h | Gravitational Potential and Kinetic Energy |
| 4.14 | Use KE = ½ × m × v² | Gravitational Potential and Kinetic Energy |
| 4.15 | How conservation of energy links GPE, KE and work | Gravitational Potential and Kinetic Energy |
| 4.16 | Power as the rate of transfer of energy or the rate of doing work | Power |
| 4.17 | Use P = W ÷ t | Power |
| 4.18 | Energy transfers in generating electricity from seven named resources | Generating Electricity |
| 4.19 | Advantages and disadvantages of large-scale electricity production from renewable and non-renewable resources | Generating Electricity |
The lessons
- Energy Stores and Transfers — Where energy sits, how it moves, and why it is never used up however much it feels like it. (4.1, 4.2, 4.3)
- Efficiency, Sankey Diagrams and Insulation — Working out what share of the energy did the job you wanted — and why the answer is never all of it. (4.4, 4.5, 4.10)
- Conduction, Convection and Radiation — Three ways energy moves from hot to cold — and the one question that tells them apart. (4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9)
- Work Done — The precise meaning of a word everybody thinks they already know — and why holding something still is not work at all. (4.11, 4.12)
- Gravitational Potential and Kinetic Energy — Two equations, one conversion — and why the square in the second one changes everything. (4.13, 4.14, 4.15)
- Power — Not how much energy, but how fast — and why that is the number people actually buy. (4.16, 4.17)
- Generating Electricity — Seven ways of turning something into electricity — and the trade-offs that make the choice hard. (4.18, 4.19)