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The Merchant of Venice key quotes: every quotation analysed
30 quotations from The Merchant of Venice (William Shakespeare), each with its speaker and scene, what the words are doing, the techniques at work and how to use it in a AQA GCSE English Literature essay. By character: Portia (12), Antonio (6), Bassanio (6), Shylock (studied, never voiced) (6). Indexed by theme below.
A quotation is worth marks only when it is exact and doing work. The Merchant of Venice is examined on 8702 Paper 1, Section A — Shakespeare (closed book; a printed extract, then the play as a whole), and what scores is the analysis. Every entry here gives the analysis first: read the quotation, then the line on what it is doing, then close the page and say it back. The character studies linked from each section carry the readings and essay arguments the quotations serve; the Grade 9 Notes hold the whole text.
By theme
Money, love and friendship (11) · Mercy and justice (10) · Antisemitism and prejudice (7) · Appearance and reality (4)
Portia — 12 quotations
Portia: character analysis, readings and essay arguments →
“my little body is aweary of this great world”
Portia · Act 1, Scene 2
What it is doing. She is weary of a life controlled by others.
Techniques. Contrast of little and great
In an essay. Open any essay on Portia's constraint.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father”
Portia · Act 1, Scene 2
What it is doing. Her father's will controls her choice of husband.
Techniques. Pun
In an essay. Show the limits on her freedom.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“If to do were as easy as to know what were good to do”
Portia · Act 1, Scene 2
What it is doing. Knowing good is easier than doing it.
Techniques. Aphorism
In an essay. Use ironically against the trial's outcome.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“Let all of his complexion choose me so.”
Portia (of Morocco) · Act 2, Scene 7
What it is doing. She dismisses Morocco with racial contempt.
Techniques. Dismissive couplet
In an essay. Name her racism as part of Belmont's prejudice.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice
“You see me, Lord Bassanio, where I stand, / Such as I am”
Portia · Act 3, Scene 2
What it is doing. She offers herself to Bassanio humbly.
Techniques. Direct address
In an essay. Show her giving herself in marriage.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“an unlessoned girl, unschooled, unpractised”
Portia · Act 3, Scene 2
What it is doing. She describes herself modestly before she wins the trial.
Techniques. Tricolon
In an essay. Contrast with her brilliance at the trial.
Themes: Appearance and reality
“Myself and what is mine to you and yours / Is now converted”
Portia · Act 3, Scene 2
What it is doing. She transfers herself and her wealth to Bassanio.
Techniques. Financial language
In an essay. Link 'converted' to Shylock's forced conversion.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“The quality of mercy is not strained”
Portia · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. Mercy cannot be forced; it is freely given.
Techniques. Simile
In an essay. Central evidence for the play's ideal of mercy.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“It is twice blest”
Portia · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. Mercy blesses giver and receiver.
Techniques. Paradox
In an essay. Measure the Christians against this ideal.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“Tarry a little; there is something else.”
Portia · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. She halts Shylock at the moment of the knife.
Techniques. Reversal
In an essay. Show the turn of the trial.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood”
Portia · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. She defeats the bond by its own exact words.
Techniques. Legal literalism
In an essay. Show law turned against Shylock.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“So shines a good deed in a naughty world.”
Portia · Act 5, Scene 1
What it is doing. She praises goodness in a wicked world.
Techniques. Image of light
In an essay. Weigh against the trial's outcome.
Themes: Mercy and justice
Antonio — 6 quotations
Antonio: character analysis, readings and essay arguments →
“In sooth, I know not why I am so sad”
Antonio · Act 1, Scene 1
What it is doing. His melancholy is never explained in the play.
Techniques. Opening line
In an essay. Open any essay on Antonio.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“A stage where every man must play a part, / And mine a sad one.”
Antonio · Act 1, Scene 1
What it is doing. He sees himself cast in sadness.
Techniques. Metaphor of the stage
In an essay. Show his self-image as melancholy.
Themes: Appearance and reality
“I am as like to call thee so again, / To spit on thee again, to spurn thee too.”
Antonio (to Shylock) · Act 1, Scene 3
What it is doing. He promises to continue his antisemitic abuse.
Techniques. Repetition
In an essay. Central evidence for the Christians' antisemitism.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice
“I am a tainted wether of the flock”
Antonio · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. He sees himself as fit to die.
Techniques. Metaphor
In an essay. Show his resignation at the trial.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“He presently become a Christian”
Antonio · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. He demands Shylock's forced conversion.
Techniques. Condition
In an essay. Name the 'mercy' as religious persecution.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice · Mercy and justice
“are not with me esteemed above thy life”
Bassanio (to Antonio) · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. Bassanio values Antonio above his wife.
Techniques. Hyperbole
In an essay. Show friendship rivalling marriage in the trial.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
Bassanio — 6 quotations
Bassanio: character analysis, readings and essay arguments →
“To you, Antonio, / I owe the most, in money and in love”
Bassanio · Act 1, Scene 1
What it is doing. His debts to Antonio are both financial and emotional.
Techniques. Pairing
In an essay. Show money and love tangled.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“In Belmont is a lady richly left”
Bassanio · Act 1, Scene 1
What it is doing. He describes Portia first by her wealth.
Techniques. Word order
In an essay. Question whether he is a fortune-hunter.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“So may the outward shows be least themselves”
Bassanio · Act 3, Scene 2
What it is doing. Appearances may hide the opposite truth.
Techniques. Aphorism
In an essay. Open an essay on the caskets.
Themes: Appearance and reality
“The world is still deceived with ornament.”
Bassanio · Act 3, Scene 2
What it is doing. Outward decoration misleads people about true worth.
Techniques. Irony
In an essay. Show the irony of his borrowed finery.
Themes: Appearance and reality
“Who chooseth me must give and hazard all he hath”
Inscription on the lead casket · Acts 2–3
What it is doing. True love requires risking everything.
Techniques. Inscription
In an essay. Link the lead casket to Antonio's risk.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
“are not with me esteemed above thy life”
Bassanio (to Antonio) · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. He would give up his wife to save Antonio.
Techniques. Hyperbole
In an essay. Show friendship tested against marriage.
Themes: Money, love and friendship
Shylock (studied, never voiced) — 6 quotations
Shylock (studied, never voiced): character analysis, readings and essay arguments →
“Still have I borne it with a patient shrug, / For sufferance is the badge of all our tribe.”
Shylock (to Antonio) · Act 1, Scene 3
What it is doing. He has endured years of public abuse.
Techniques. Metaphor
In an essay. Show persecution as the background to the bond.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice
“Hath not a Jew eyes?”
Shylock · Act 3, Scene 1
What it is doing. He insists on shared human nature.
Techniques. Rhetorical question · Prose
In an essay. Central evidence for the play's assertion of humanity.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice
“If you prick us, do we not bleed?”
Shylock · Act 3, Scene 1
What it is doing. Jews feel pain like all people.
Techniques. Rhetorical question
In an essay. Link to the 'no jot of blood' of the trial.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice
“The villainy you teach me I will execute”
Shylock · Act 3, Scene 1
What it is doing. He traces his revenge to Christian example.
Techniques. Antithesis
In an essay. Show revenge presented as learned from persecution.
Themes: Antisemitism and prejudice · Mercy and justice
“you take my life / When you do take the means whereby I live”
Shylock · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. Losing his wealth is like losing his life.
Techniques. Antithesis
In an essay. Question the 'mercy' of the judgement.
Themes: Mercy and justice
“I am not well”
Shylock · Act 4, Scene 1
What it is doing. His last words, defeated and broken.
Techniques. Monosyllables
In an essay. Show what the comedy's ending costs.
Themes: Mercy and justice
The quotations by theme
Money, love and friendship (11)
Money, love and friendship in The Merchant of Venice, taught in full →
- “my little body is aweary of this great world” — Portia, Act 1, Scene 2
- “the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father” — Portia, Act 1, Scene 2
- “You see me, Lord Bassanio, where I stand, / Such as I am” — Portia, Act 3, Scene 2
- “Myself and what is mine to you and yours / Is now converted” — Portia, Act 3, Scene 2
- “In sooth, I know not why I am so sad” — Antonio, Act 1, Scene 1
- “I am a tainted wether of the flock” — Antonio, Act 4, Scene 1
- “are not with me esteemed above thy life” — Antonio, Act 4, Scene 1
- “To you, Antonio, / I owe the most, in money and in love” — Bassanio, Act 1, Scene 1
- “In Belmont is a lady richly left” — Bassanio, Act 1, Scene 1
- “Who chooseth me must give and hazard all he hath” — Bassanio, Acts 2–3
- “are not with me esteemed above thy life” — Bassanio, Act 4, Scene 1
Mercy and justice (10)
Mercy and justice in The Merchant of Venice, taught in full →
- “If to do were as easy as to know what were good to do” — Portia, Act 1, Scene 2
- “The quality of mercy is not strained” — Portia, Act 4, Scene 1
- “It is twice blest” — Portia, Act 4, Scene 1
- “Tarry a little; there is something else.” — Portia, Act 4, Scene 1
- “This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood” — Portia, Act 4, Scene 1
- “So shines a good deed in a naughty world.” — Portia, Act 5, Scene 1
- “He presently become a Christian” — Antonio, Act 4, Scene 1
- “The villainy you teach me I will execute” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 3, Scene 1
- “you take my life / When you do take the means whereby I live” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 4, Scene 1
- “I am not well” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 4, Scene 1
Antisemitism and prejudice (7)
Antisemitism and prejudice in The Merchant of Venice, taught in full →
- “Let all of his complexion choose me so.” — Portia, Act 2, Scene 7
- “I am as like to call thee so again, / To spit on thee again…” — Antonio, Act 1, Scene 3
- “He presently become a Christian” — Antonio, Act 4, Scene 1
- “Still have I borne it with a patient shrug, / For sufferance is the…” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 1, Scene 3
- “Hath not a Jew eyes?” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 3, Scene 1
- “If you prick us, do we not bleed?” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 3, Scene 1
- “The villainy you teach me I will execute” — Shylock (studied, never voiced), Act 3, Scene 1
Appearance and reality (4)
Appearance and reality in The Merchant of Venice, taught in full →
- “an unlessoned girl, unschooled, unpractised” — Portia, Act 3, Scene 2
- “A stage where every man must play a part, / And mine a sad one.” — Antonio, Act 1, Scene 1
- “So may the outward shows be least themselves” — Bassanio, Act 3, Scene 2
- “The world is still deceived with ornament.” — Bassanio, Act 3, Scene 2
Think you know them?
Knowing a quotation is the start. On Incandio a character or theme counts as mastered only once you have taught it back and defended your reading of it against William Shakespeare — the two things a quotation list cannot ask of you.
- Teach Portia · Defend your reading against Shakespeare
- Teach Antonio · Defend your reading against Shakespeare
- Teach Bassanio · Defend your reading against Shakespeare
- Teach Shylock (studied, never voiced) · Defend your reading against Shakespeare
- Grade 9 Notes: The Merchant of Venice · The Merchant of Venice on Incandio · Every set text
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